US stocks futures also tumbled. Dow futures were down as much as 780 points, or 2.4%. S&P 500 and Nasdaq futures were down 2.3% and 2.8% respectively.
The Moscow Exchange announced Thursday it had suspended trading on all of its markets until further notice.
The Russian ruble plummeted nearly 10% against the US dollar, trading at 89.59 per dollar.
In the address, broadcast on Russian national television, Putin urged Ukrainian forces to lay down their arms and go home, saying all responsibility for possible bloodshed will be entirely on the conscience of the Ukrainian government.
Putin’s speech came as concerns mounted of an imminent full-scale Russian invasion. Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky said in an emotional speech early Thursday that the Russian leadership had approved military action in Ukraine and vowed the country would defend itself.
“Geopolitical risks remain at the forefront, weighing on risk assets as heightened uncertainty over Ukraine continue to keep market participants on edge,” wrote Yeap Jun Rong, a market strategist for IG Group, in a note on Thursday.
He added that Putin is probably “willing to weather the economic impact of sanctions, which may bring into question on what the Western powers can do to hold off an invasion.”
Chinese tech stocks ignore state media call
Meanwhile, Chinese tech shares fell on Thursday despite state media seeking to reassure investors over regulation concerns.
The announcement sparked fears about a renewed tech crackdown and hammered tech shares this week. Online food delivery platform Meituan has plunged more than 20% since Friday.
The state-run Economic Daily tried to play down the fears on Wednesday.
“The guidance has more than 5,000 words, with only a few lines concerning the platform economy,” the paper said.
But tech investors are still nervous. Meituan was down 2.4%. Tencent, which has a major stake in Meituan, tumbled 3%. Alibaba, which owns food-delivery platform Ele.me, sank more than 6%.
Alibaba is scheduled to reveal its quarterly earnings later Thursday.
CNN Business’ Matt Egan contributed to the report.